Skin Biopsy: Why is it done, how is it done and treatment methods
Skin biopsy is a reliable medical procedure used to diagnose abnormal lesions or diseases on the skin. In this procedure, a small tissue sample is taken from the skin surface and examined under a microscope to make a definitive diagnosis. Adana dermatologist Specialist Dr. Hatice Coşkun Güngördü accurately diagnoses skin diseases with skin biopsy and offers the most appropriate treatment plans to her patients. In this article, you can find detailed information about why skin biopsy is done, in which cases it is necessary and the application process.
1. What is Skin Biopsy?
Skin biopsy is a procedure that involves taking a sample of skin tissue to diagnose an abnormal lesion or disease on the skin surface. The tissue sample taken is subjected to pathological examination in a laboratory environment. This method is used to provide a definitive diagnosis of many skin diseases, including skin cancer. Skin biopsy is usually a simple and quick procedure, but it is extremely effective and reliable.
2. Why is Skin Biopsy Performed?
Skin biopsy is a method used in the diagnosis of many skin diseases. Dermatologists perform biopsies to determine whether skin lesions or abnormalities are malignant (cancerous) and to determine the type and stage of skin diseases. Here are some common conditions that require a skin biopsy:
Skin Cancer Suspicion
Abnormally growing or discolored lesions on the skin may be a sign of skin cancer. Skin biopsy is commonly used to diagnose skin cancers such as melanoma, basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. Skin biopsy is one of the most effective methods for determining the type and stage of cancer.
Diagnosis of Skin Diseases
Skin rashes, raised spots, flaking and other abnormal formations may be signs of skin diseases such as eczema, psoriasis and lupus. A skin biopsy may be necessary for definitive diagnosis of such diseases.
Pigmentation Disorders
Vitiligo, melasma and other pigmentation disorders can be examined with a biopsy to understand the cause of pigmentation changes in the skin.
Inflammatory Skin Diseases
Diseases that cause inflammation, swelling and scarring on the skin can be diagnosed with a biopsy. Examples of these diseases are seborrheic dermatitis, lichen planus, dermatomyositis and vasculitis.
Infectious Diseases and Infections
A skin biopsy can be performed to diagnose bacterial, viral or fungal skin infections. For example, a biopsy may be required to determine the type of fungal infection and to begin appropriate treatment.
3. Types of Skin Biopsy
Skin biopsy can be performed using different methods depending on the size and location of the lesion and the type of disease. Adana Specialist Dr. Hatice Coşkun Güngördü provides an effective diagnosis by selecting the most appropriate biopsy method for each patient's condition. Commonly used methods for skin biopsy are:
Punch Biopsy
Punch biopsy is a method used to take a circular tissue sample from a small area of the skin. A special tool called a punch is used to make a circular incision in the skin and remove a small tissue sample. This biopsy method is used in skin diseases that require in-depth examination.
Shave Biopsy
Shave biopsy is a method used to examine superficial skin lesions. In this method, the upper layer of the skin is shaved and removed. This method is especially preferred in the diagnosis of superficial skin cancers and moles.
Excisional Biopsy
Excisional biopsy is a type of biopsy performed to completely remove larger lesions or tumors on the skin. This method is used both to diagnose and to treat the lesion. Excisional biopsy is performed to diagnose serious skin cancers such as melanoma.
Incisional Biopsy
Incisional biopsy is the process of examining larger skin lesions by removing only a portion of them. This type of biopsy is preferred in cases where the lesion cannot be completely removed.is performed.
4. How is a Skin Biopsy Performed?
A skin biopsy is usually a short procedure that causes minimal discomfort. During the procedure, patients are usually numbed with local anesthesia, so pain is minimal. Specialist Dr. Hatice Coşkun Güngördü performs a skin biopsy with the following steps:
- Examination and Preparation: The area to be biopsied is sterilized and local anesthesia is applied.
- Tissue Collection: A tissue sample is taken from the skin surface with the selected biopsy method. Punch biopsy, shave biopsy or excisional biopsy methods can be used.
- Stitch or Bandage: After the tissue sample is taken, the biopsy area can be stitched or covered with a simple bandage.
- Pathological Examination: The tissue sample is sent to the laboratory and examined pathologically under a microscope. Results are usually obtained within a few days.
- Results and Treatment Plan: The treatment plan is determined according to the biopsy results. If skin cancer is detected, surgical intervention or other treatment options may be used.
5. What Are the Risks of a Skin Biopsy?
A skin biopsy is generally a safe procedure, but like any medical procedure, it can carry some risks. These risks are usually minimal, and with proper care, recovery is rapid. Here are the rare risks of a skin biopsy:
- Infection: In rare cases, an infection can develop at the biopsy site. Signs of infection include redness, swelling, and inflammation.
- Bleeding: There may be slight bleeding during or after the procedure, but this is usually quickly controlled.
- Scar: A small scar may remain at the biopsy site. This scar may fade and become less noticeable over time.
- Allergic reaction: Although rare, allergic reactions to anesthetics may occur.
6. Things to Consider After Skin Biopsy
The recovery process after a skin biopsy is usually rapid and patients can return to their normal daily activities in a short time. However, it is important to take some precautions to reduce the risk of infection or complications in the biopsy area. Uzm. Dr. Hatice Coşkun Güngördü offers the following suggestions for post-biopsy care:
- Cleaning and Hygiene: Keep the biopsy area clean and dress as recommended by your doctor.
- Wound Care: If you notice bleeding or signs of inflammation at the biopsy site, contact your doctor.
- Avoid Itching and Irritation: Avoid scratching the biopsy site, as itching or irritation may occur.
- Checking Stitches: If stitches were placed, contact your doctor again on the specified date to have them removed.
7. Psychological Effects of Skin Biopsy
Skin biopsy can create psychological stress, especially for patients suspected of skin cancer. Waiting for the biopsy result can cause anxiety. Specialist Dr. Hatice Coşkun Güngördü provides psychological support to her patients during this process by providing detailed information about the biopsy process and clearly evaluating the results.
8. The Importance of Early Diagnosis in Skin Biopsy
Skin biopsy is of critical importance for the early diagnosis of serious diseases, especially skin cancer. Skin diseases diagnosed early can usually be treated more easily and the progression of the disease can be stopped. Performing a biopsy when suspicious skin lesions are noticed allows the disease to be correctly identified and treatment to be started quickly.
In Adana, Specialist Dr. Hatice Coşkun Güngördü offers reliable solutions for protecting the skin health of her patients and diagnosing diseases early with her expert approach in skin biopsy procedures. You can contact our clinic for more information about skin biopsy and detailed evaluation.
